Determining of correlation between Affective Bipolar Disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents by choosing the most appropriate hypothesis explaining the nature of connection of these two diagnoses based on systematic review of literature. An overview of literature published in MEDLINE/PubMed database and Google Scholar search engine between January 2008 and February 2019 concerning the correlation between BD and ADHD was performed. Articles in Polish and English were chosen from journals which were closely related to the topic and possible to allocate to one of the four hypotheses. Ultimately, 10 research papers were included in the review. The range of the papers’ score was 3.5-9 according to adapted NOQAS scale, with mean score of 6.6 out of possible 9, which lead to a general average quality of the papers. In all the works the psychopathology of patients was evaluated according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The relationship between ADHD and BD in the children and adolescent population is not clear and an unambiguous hypothesis defining this correlation is not possible at this point. Further, prospective research that provides evidence facilitating correct diagnosis as early as possible is essential as it has considerable influence on patients’ course of disease and quality of life.