The aim of the article is to present a theoretical background for new, structuralized, group cognitive-behavioral therapy for schizophrenia developed by S. Moritz and T.S. Woodward. Research results suggest the occurrence of a specific manner of cognitive functioning amongst patients with delusions or hallucinations. It was shown, that patients with delusions, more often than those from other clinical groups, tend to make a decision with a lack of information (jumping to conclusion), display deficit in Theory of Mind and tend to display overconfidence in false memories, when at the same time are under-confident in true memories. Moreover persons with schizophrenia display a specific attribution style. They also exhibit disturbances in emotional regulation, which is often manifested by depressive mood and anxiety. Research results are often a basis for therapeutic intervention. Currently, apart from psychopharmacotherapy, psychological intervention in schizophrenia is mentioned, especially the cognitive-behavioural approach. The presented article is a review of research on cognitive biases in schizophrenia, which were the background for metacognitive training for this disorder.